Initial weld inspection, pre/post-weld inspection, corrosion checks Conclusion
Detecting cracks, porosity, undercut, and surface slag.
ASME Section V, Article 9 defines requirements for visual examination (VT), mandating written procedures, specific lighting intensities of 100 footcandles (1,000 lux), and mandatory surface preparation. The standard covers direct, remote, and translucent techniques, requiring personnel to demonstrate capability to detect fine lines or specific imperfections. Detailed information on Article 9 standards is available on Scribd .
Upon completion, a report is required. Article 9 specifies minimum data points for the report:
A decrease in the minimum light intensity at the examination surface. asme section v article 9
The illumination levels and the methods used to verify those levels.
Performed when the eye can be placed within 24 inches (600 mm) of the surface at an angle no less than 30 degrees.
The surface must be free from any foreign matter that could mask defects. This includes the removal of slag, scale, oil, grease, weld spatter, or heavy paint. Cleaning can be achieved through wire brushing, grinding, or solvent wiping, depending on the material and application. 4. Personnel Qualification and Vision Tests
ASME Section V, Article 9, governs , a cornerstone of non-destructive testing (NDT) that relies on the most sophisticated tool available: the human eye . While it may seem simple, Article 9 transforms "looking" into a rigorous, standardized engineering process to ensure the integrity of critical components like pressure vessels and welds. Key Pillars of Article 9 Detailed information on Article 9 standards is available
Visual examination (VT) is the oldest, most fundamental, and most widely utilized method of non-destructive examination (NDE) in the engineering world. Within the framework of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC), establishes the mandatory requirements for conducting visual examinations.
When access prevents direct viewing, remote visual examination is permitted.
These limits ensure that the inspector maintains adequate resolution and perspective to detect fine defects like micro-cracks or undercut. Illumination (Lighting) Requirements
Earlier editions of Section V contained more descriptive text that has been streamlined in later editions. For example, specific wording about viewing distance and illumination sometimes varies between editions. However, the technical requirements are equivalent and maintained through cross-references. The illumination levels and the methods used to
A detailed record of all observations, distinguishing between acceptable conditions and rejectable defects (as defined by the referencing code).
Codes and specifications, such as ASME Section VIII (Pressure Vessels) and B31.3 (Process Piping), often invoke Article 9 to specify mandatory compliance for visual examinations. 2. Mandatory Procedures and Personnel Requirements
The code governs both direct and remote visual techniques. 2. Direct vs. Remote Visual Examination
Inspectors must be capable of distinguishing between colors or shades of gray. This test is typically required every three years to ensure the inspector can differentiate contrast changes on the test surface. Direct vs. Remote Visual Examination
